{"id":81,"date":"2008-02-13T15:54:09","date_gmt":"2008-02-13T15:54:09","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2013-11-27T16:27:27","modified_gmt":"2013-11-27T16:27:27","slug":"united-states-anti-doping-agency-protocol-for-olympic-movement-testing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/article\/united-states-anti-doping-agency-protocol-for-olympic-movement-testing\/","title":{"rendered":"United States Anti-Doping Agency Protocol For Olympic Movement Testing"},"content":{"rendered":"
Submitted by: Richard Bell, Ed.D.<\/div>\n
    \n
      \n
    1. USADA\u2019s Relationship with the United States Olympic committee (\u201cUSOC\u201d)USADA is an independent legal entity not subject to the control of the USOC. The USOC has contracted with USADA to conduct drug testing and results management for participants in the Olympic movement within the United States and to provide educational information to those participants. For the purposes of transmittal of information by USADA, the USOC is USADA\u2019s client\/ However, the USOC has authorized USADA to transmit information simultaneously to the relevant National governing Body (\u201cNGB\u201d), International Federation (\u201cIF\u201d) the World Anti-Doping Agency (\u201cWADA\u201d) and involved athlete.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n

      <\/p>\n

        \n
          \n
        1. Athletes Subject to Testing USADAThe USOC and NGBs have authorized USADA to test the following athletes:\n
            \n
          1. Any athlete who is a member of a NGB;<\/li>\n
          2. Any athlete participating at a competition sanctioned by the USOC or a NGB;<\/li>\n
          3. Any foreign athlete who would otherwise be subject to testing by USADA, the USOC or NGB; or<\/li>\n
          4. Any other athlete who has given his\/her consent to testing by USADA.<\/li>\n
          5. Any athlete who has been named by the USOC or an NGB or is competing in a qualifying event to represent the USOC or NGB is in international competition.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n

            USADA will not allow the testing process to be used to harass any athlete. In selecting athletes for testing, USADA will focus primarily on athletes who are participating or have the potential to participate, in international competition.<\/p>\n

              \n
                \n
              1. Choice of Rules In conducting drug testing and results management under this protocol, USADA will look to the following sources of rules:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                  \n
                    \n
                      \n
                    1. The selection and collection procedures set forth in paragraphs 4, 5, & 6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n

                      herein shall apply to all testing done by USADA unless different procedures are agreed to between USADA and the party requesting the test for a particular event.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • All test performed by USADA shall be analyzed by IOC-accredited laboratories. In analyzing samples for USADA, those laboratories shall follow the standards established by the IOC.<\/li>\n
                      • Tests performed by USADA shall be analyzed for the categories of prohibited and restricted substances set forth in the rules of the applicable IF unless agreed otherwise between USADA and the party ordering the test.<\/li>\n
                      • USADA shall be responsible for results management of all tests performed by it and all other tests for which the applicable IF rules require the initial adjudication forth in paragraph 9 herein, unless otherwise referred by USADA to a foreign sports organization having jurisdiction over the athlete.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                         <\/p>\n

                         <\/p>\n

                          \n
                            \n
                          1. Selection of Athletes to be Tested In-Competition
                            \nUSADA shall have the authority to determine which athlete will be selected for testing in all competitions tested by USADA. In making this determination, USADA will normally follow NGB or IF selection procedures and will include at a minimum the selection formulas or requests for target selection on particular athletes which are proposed by the USOC or a particular NGB. USADA retains the right to test any athlete that it chooses, with or without cause or explanation.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n

                             <\/p>\n

                              \n
                                \n
                              1. Selection of Athletes to be Tested Out-of-Competition USADA shall have the authority to determine which athlete will be selected for testing out-of-competition testing by USADA. In making this determination, USADA will carefully consider selection formulas or requests for target selection on particular athletes which are proposed by the USOC or a particular NGB. USADA retains the right to test any athlete that it chooses, with or without cause or explanation.
                                \nEach NGB will provide USADA with a regularly updated list of athletes to have included in No Advance Notice or other out-of competition testing. With respect to each athlete on such list and such additional athletes as may be designated by USADA, the NGB will provide USADA with the information as set forth on the athlete location form attached as Annex A. Thereafter it shall be the responsibility of each individual athlete to provide USADA with updated information as to his or her whereabouts.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n

                                 <\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                    \n
                                  1. Sample Collection Sample collection by USADA will substantially conform to the standards set forth by the IOC and the World Anti-Doping Agency.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n

                                     <\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                        \n
                                      1. Laboratory Analysis All samples collected by USADA will be sent for analysis only to IOC-accredited laboratories.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n

                                         <\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                            \n
                                          1. Notification USADA will provide the following notification will respect to each laboratory report received by USADA:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n

                                             <\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                                \n
                                              1. Upon receipt of a negative laboratory report, USADA will promptly forward that result to the athlete, the USOC and the applicable NGB.<\/li>\n
                                              2. Upon receipt of a positive laboratory A report or a report indicating an elevated testosterone, epitestosterone ratio or epitestosterone concentration, USADA will promptly notify the applicable NGB and athlete at the address on the Doping Control Notifications\/Signature Form and shall advise the athlete of the date on which the laboratory will conduct the B sample analysis. The athlete may attend the B sample analysis accompanied by a representative at his or her own expense. Prior to the B sample opening, USADA shall provide to the athlete the A sample laboratory documentation set forth on Annex B. A sample shall not be considered positive until after the B sample analysis confirms the A sample analysis.<\/li>\n
                                              3. Upon receipt of the laboratory\u2019s B sample report, USADA shall promptly notify the USOC, the applicable NGB and the athlete. USADA shall then provide to the athlete the B sample documentation package set forth on Annex C. The laboratory shall not be required to produce any documentation in addition to Annexes B and C unless ordered to do so by an arbitrator(s) during adjudication, in which case it shall be produced at the athlete\u2019s expense.<\/li>\n
                                              4. In special circumstances where USADA is conducting testing for an IF, regional or continental sports organization or other Olympic movement sporting body, other than the USOC or an NGB, the notification described in this section shall be made exclusively to that sporting body, the athlete, and , if applicable, to the USOC and NGB.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                              5. Results Management Whenever USADA receives a laboratory report confirming positive test, elevated testosterone or epitestosterone ration or epitestosterone concentration, or when USADA has other reason to believe that a doping violation has occurred, such as admitted doping, address that case through the following results management procedures:\n
                                                  \n
                                                    \n
                                                  1. USADA ANTI-DOPING REVIEW BOARD
                                                    \nThe USADA Anti-Doping Review Board (\u201cReview Board\u201d) is a group of experts independent of USADA with medical, technical and legal knowledge of anti-doping matters. The Review Board members shall be appointed for two year terms by the USADA Board of Directors. The Review Board shall review all B sample test results reported by the laborator7y as analytically positive or elevated in accordance with i below. Such review shall be undertaken by between three and five Review Board members appointed in each case by USADA\u2019s Chief Executive Officer and composed of at least one technical, one medical and one legal expert.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                    Upon USADA\u2019s receipt of a laboratory report identifying an analytically positive or elevated B test result, the following steps shall be taken:<\/p>\n

                                                      \n
                                                        \n
                                                      1. USADA\u2019s Chief Executive Officer shall appoint a Review Board as provided in Section (a) above.<\/li>\n
                                                      2. The athlete shall be promptly notified of the date by which the athlete shall submit any written materials, through USADA, to the Review Board for its consideration. The athlete shall also be provided the name and telephone number of the Athlete Ombudsman.<\/li>\n
                                                      3. The Review Board shall be provided the laboratory documentation and any additional information which USADA deems appropriate. Copies of this information shall be provided simultaneously to the athlete and the athlete shall be entitled to file a response with the Review Board.<\/li>\n
                                                      4. The Review Board shall be entitled to request additional information from either USADA or the athlete.<\/li>\n
                                                      5. Notwithstanding the forgoing, the process before the Review Board shall not be considered a \u201chearing.\u201d The Review Board shall only consider written submittals. Submittals to the Review Board shall not be used in any further hearing or preceding without the consent of the party making the submittal. The Review Board\u2019s recommendations shall not be admissible in any further hearing or proceeding.<\/li>\n
                                                      6. The Review Board shall consider the written information submitted to it and shall, by majority vote, make a recommendation to USADA with a copy to the athlete whether
                                                        \nor not there is sufficient evidence of doping to proceed to a hearing.<\/li>\n
                                                      7. USADA shall also forward the Review Board\u2019s recommendation to the USOC, the applicable NGB and IF and WADA.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                      8. ADJUDICATION\n
                                                          \n
                                                        1. Following receipt of the Review Board Recommendations, USADA shall notify the athlete in writing whether USADA considers the matter closed or alternatively what specific charges or alleged violations will be adjudicated and what sanction, consistent with IF rules, USADA is adjudicated and what sanction, consistent with IF rules, USADA is seeking the have imposed (an other possible sanctions which could be imposed under the applicable IF rules). The notice shall also include a copy of the USADA Protocol for Olympics Sport Testing and the modifications to AAA Commercial Rules. Within ten (10) days following such notice, the athlete must notify USADA if he or she desires a hearing to contest the sanction sought by USADA. If the sanction is to contested, then it shall be communicated by USADA to the USOC, the applicable NGB and If and WADA and thereafter imposed by the NGB. If the sanction is contested by the athlete, then a hearing shall be conducted pursuant to the procedure set forth below.<\/li>\n
                                                        2. The hearing will take place before the American Arbitration Association (\u201cAAA\u201d) using a single arbitrator (or a three arbitrator panel if demanded by either of the parties) selected from a pool of the North American Court of Arbitration for Sports (\u201cCAS\u201d) Arbitrators who shall also be AAA Arbitrators. The hearing will take place in the U.S., be administered by Decentralized Office of CAS in the Americas (the \u201cAdministrator\u201d), and the conducted under modified AAA Commercial Rules attached as Annex D. The parties will be USADA and the athlete. USADA shall also invite the applicable IF to participate either as a party or as an observer. For their information only, notice of the hearing date shall also be sent to the USOC, the applicable NGB and WADA.<\/li>\n
                                                        3. Either the athlete or the IF(whether a party or not) shall be entitled to appeal the AAA arbitrator(s) decision to CAS. A CAS appeal shall be filed with the Administrator and the CAS hearing will automatically take place in the U.S. Otherwise the regular CAS appellate rules apply. The decision of CAS shall be final and binding on all parties and shall to be subject to further review or appeal.<\/li>\n
                                                        4. The athlete, within ten (10) days following the Notice described in section (i) above, shall be entitled, at his or her option, to elect to bypass the hearing described in section (ii) above and proceed directly to a single final hearing before CAS conducted in the United States. The CAS decision shall be final and binding on all parties and shall not be subject to further review or appeal.<\/li>\n
                                                        5. In all hearings conducted pursuant to this procedure the applicable IF\u2019s categories of prohibited substance, definition of doping and sanctions shall be applied. In the event an IF\u2019s rules are silent on a issue, the rules set for the in the Olympic Movement Anti-Doping Code shall apply. Notwithstanding the foregoing; (a) The IOC laboratories used by USADA shall be presumed to have conducted testing and custodial procedures in accordance to prevailing and acceptable standards a of scientific practice. This presumption can be rebutted by evidence to the contrary, but the accredited laboratory shall have no onus in the first instance to show that it conducted the procedures other than in accordance with its standard practices conforming to any applicable IOC requirements; (b) minor irregularities in sample collection, sample testing or other procedures set forth herein which cannot reasonablely be considered to have effected the results of an otherwise valid test or collection shall have no effect on such results; and (c) if contested, USADA shall have the burden of establishing the integrity of the sample collection process, the chain of custody of the sample, the accuracy of laboratory test results by clear and convincing evidence unless the rules of the applicable IF set a higher standard.<\/li>\n
                                                        6. All administrative costs of the USADA review and adjudication process will be borne by USADA except the CAS appeal fee which will be refunded to eh athlete by USADA should the athlete prevail on appeal.<\/li>\n
                                                        7. The results of all hearings shall be communicated by USADA to the athlete, the USOC, the applicable NGB and If and WADA. The NGB shall impose any sanction resulting from the adjudication process. The NGB shall not impose any sanctions until after the athlete has had the opportunity for a hearing pursuant to section 9(b)ii or 9(b)iv.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n
                                                        8. Ownership and Use of Samples All samples collected by USADA shall be the property of USADA. USADA may authorize the use of negative samples for research; however, in such event all markings on the sample which identify the ample as coming from a particular athlete shall be obliterated.<\/li>\n
                                                        9. Confidentially Except for the notifications to the USOC, NGB, IF, WADA (or other sporting body ordering the test) as otherwise provided in this protocol, USADA shall not publicly disclose an athlete\u2019s positive test result or other alleged doping violation until after the athlete has been found to have committed a doping violation in a hearing conducted under either article 9(b)(ii) or 9(b)(iv) above. USADA may release aggregate statistics of testing and adjudication results.<\/li>\n
                                                        10. Expedited Procedures USADA may shorten any time period set fourth in these procedures where doing so is reasonable necessary to resolve an athlete\u2019s eligibility before a protected competition.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                                                          Submitted by: Richard Bell, Ed.D.<\/div>\n
                                                            \n
                                                          1. USADA\u2019s Relationship with the United States Olympic committee (\u201cUSOC\u201d)\n

                                                            USADA is an independent legal entity not subject to the control of the USOC. The USOC has contracted with USADA to conduct drug testing and results management for participants in the Olympic movement within the United States and to provide educational information to those participants. For the purposes of transmittal of information by USADA, the USOC is USADA\u2019s client\/ However, the USOC has authorized USADA to transmit information simultaneously to the relevant National governing Body (\u201cNGB\u201d), International Federation (\u201cIF\u201d) the World Anti-Doping Agency (\u201cWADA\u201d) and involved athlete.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_options":[]},"categories":[290,291],"tags":[32,8,23,28],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4btio-1j","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":84,"url":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/article\/a-journey-through-olympic-drug-testing-rules-a-practitioners-guide-to-understanding-drug-testing-within-the-olympic-movement\/","url_meta":{"origin":81,"position":0},"title":"A Journey Through Olympic Drug Testing Rules: A Practitioner’s Guide to Understanding Drug Testing Within the Olympic Movement","date":"February 13, 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"Submitted by: Jill Pilgrim and Kim Betz It's the spring of the year 2000, and you are looking forward to your first summer of the new Millennium. Baseball season has started, the NBA playoffs are on the horizon, Wimbledon, the French Open, and the US Open are all ahead of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Contemporary Sports Issues"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":220,"url":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/article\/book-review-all-around-men-heroes-of-a-forgotten-sport\/","url_meta":{"origin":81,"position":1},"title":"Book Review: All Around Men : Heroes of a Forgotten Sport","date":"January 8, 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"Reviewed by: Glaucio Scremin The book is well structured. It presents a valid historical description of the history of track and field and the evolution of multi-event contests followed by the biographical sketch of twenty-two of the greatest All-around athletes.","rel":"","context":"In "Sports Facilities"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":432,"url":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/article\/two-united-states-olympic-committee-olympism-programs-team-usa-ambassador-program-and-olympic-day\/","url_meta":{"origin":81,"position":2},"title":"Two United States Olympic Committee Olympism Programs: Team USA Ambassador Program and Olympic Day","date":"August 30, 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"The United States Olympic Committee administers a number of programs with the objective of spreading Olympism and the Olympic Ideals. Outlined below are its two most robust Olympism programs: the Team USA Ambassador Program and Olympic Day. ### Team USA Ambassador Program The USOC considers its athletes the greatest representatives\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Sports Coaching"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":52,"url":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/article\/lausanne-declaration-on-doping-in-sport\/","url_meta":{"origin":81,"position":3},"title":"Lausanne Declaration on Doping in Sport","date":"February 11, 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"The World Conference on Doping in Sport, with the participation of representatives of governments, of inter-governmental and non-governmental organizations, of the International Olympic Committee, the International Sports Federations (IFs), the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) and of the athletes, declares: Education, prevention and athletes' rights The Olympic oath shall be extended\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Contemporary Sports Issues"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3438,"url":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/article\/the-high-performance-management-model-from-olympic-and-professional-to-university-sport-in-the-united-states\/","url_meta":{"origin":81,"position":4},"title":"The High Performance Management Model: From Olympic and Professional to University Sport in the United States","date":"February 4, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Authors: Jed Smith* (1), Peter Smolianov (2) (1) Head Strength and Conditioning Coach and an Instructor in the area of Movement and Exercise Science at the University of Northern Iowa and is currently a doctoral student at the United States Sports Academy (2) Sport Management Professor at Salem State University\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Sports Management"","img":{"alt_text":"Smith Figure 1","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thesportjournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Smith-4.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":87,"url":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/article\/olympism-bibliography-selected-bibliography-for-further-search-on-olympics-or-olympism\/","url_meta":{"origin":81,"position":5},"title":"Olympism Bibliography : Selected Bibliography for further search on Olympics or Olympism","date":"February 13, 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"Submitted by: Richard Bell, Ed.D. Baimbridge, M. (1998) 'Outcome uncertainty in sporting competition: the Olympic games 1896-1998', Applied Economics Letters, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 161-164.[Competition] Barney, R. K. (1992) 'Born from dilemma: America awakens to the modern Olympic Games, 1901-1903', Olympika, Vol.1, pp. 92-135. [USA] [Modern Games History] Barney,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "General"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1282,"href":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81\/revisions\/1282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}